ColonX

The ColonX project aims to develop a new method for robot-assisted colonoscopy. A colonoscopy is the examination of the large intestine and rectum with the aid of a flexible endoscope (colonoscope). It is used to diagnose and treat a wide range of bowel diseases, especially bowel cancer. However, a survey showed that only 57% of women and 61% of men from the age of 55 in Germany take advantage of the preventive screening offered every 10 years, even though the colon is one of the most common tumor locations. 

The RiSC ColonX project aims to make the procedure more comfortable for both, the patient and the doctor. When colonoscopes are operated manually, the flexible endoscope tube is pushed forward by “propping” it against the bowel wall. The friction and contact forces between the colonoscope and the bowel wall can cause pain.

To reduce this effect, the ColonX will be based on the technology of everting robots. This young and still little-researched variant from the field of soft robots is the subject of current research in application areas such as the exploration of rough terrain or the inspection of hard-to-reach areas in buildings. Everting robots consist of a tubular material that is turned inside out and expanded with a propulsion gas. The pressure causes the robot to grow at the distal tip  -inspired by climbing plants - without the outer shell of the robot moving in relation to its surroundings. Everting robots have a simple functional principle and yet are capable of growing well beyond their original dimensions, passing small openings and applying high forces.

The above-mentioned properties speak in favor of its use in colonoscopy: The expansion mechanism means that there is hardly any relative movement between ColonX and the intestinal wall. It is assumed that this results in a significant reduction in intra- and post-operative pain for the patient. In addition, the design and function of the ColonX means that it does not need to supported itself on the intestinal coils as it grows into the intestine. Integrated mechanisms for defined directional insertion can further improve this effect.
Compared to conventional colonoscopy, the Everting Robots' technology is designed to significantly reduce the ergonomic stress on doctors during the procedure. The autonomous expansion of the robot into the bowel reduces the amount of force required and therefore fatigue. Movements can be performed with greater precision and coordination. Unnatural postures that occur when advancing flexible endoscopes and due to unfavorably positioned equipment can be prevented.